Description, varieties and rules for growing Margelan radish. What is useful and harmful root crops?

East and Asian peoples have long eaten many different vegetables. Root crops are not the last among them: radish, radish, daikon. In recent years, and in our summer cottages, you can increasingly meet Margelan radish, or forehead.

This mid-season culture has its own special taste, juicy pulp, is rich in vitamins and minerals, is used to treat many diseases and is stored for a long time without losing its nutritional characteristics.

What it is?

Lobo (Raphanus sativus L.convar. Lobo Sazon. Et Stankev. Var. Lobo) belongs to the Cruciferous (Cabbage) family. It is a root crop, similar to both daikon and radish. Radish root crops can have a different form:

• round;
• long;
• oval.

They differ in color. The forehead skin is green, pink, white, depending on the variety, the pulp also differs.

In appearance, the forehead has a lot of similarities with the Japanese daikon, but this is a completely different plant. Radish is a biennial plant. In the first year, a root crop forms, and in the second year, the plant blooms. There are varieties that give seeds for one growing season. It can last from 70 to 120 days.

This radish has a very low content of rare oil, which makes it not so sharp. In eastern and Asian countries, lobo is usually used not only in fresh form for the preparation of salads, but also in boiled form, as well as for processing by pickling and salting.

A brief history of origin and country of origin

In China, the word "lobo" refers to various varieties of both radish and radish, and sometimes other root crops.

In 1971, our scientists described a group of varieties of Chinese radish, which then, in 1985, was reclassified to sowing radish.

The work of biologists belongs to the long-known variety of radish, which has been grown in the East, Central Asia, China and Japan for more than one hundred years.

For 2015 was registered over 20 varieties of this delicious juicy root crop, which can increasingly be found in household plots, in a supermarket and in the agricultural market.

Benefit and harm

• Margelan radish is attractive with a large set of vitamins and minerals. It is considered a product that should be consumed by those wishing to reduce weight. This is due to the fact that in its composition there are substances that can remove excess fluid.
• Low calorie content (21 kcal per 100g of product) allowed to include vegetables in the composition of numerous types of salads.
• Lobo has a beneficial effect on the gastrointestinal tract, gently cleansing the intestines for constipation.
• In addition, it has anti-inflammatory and bactericidal action, which reduces the presence of pathogenic microflora in the stomach and normalizes its activity.
• Radish helps to increase the secretion of gastric juice, thereby increasing appetite.
• The choleretic properties of radish are used in the appointment of a diet for patients suffering from diseases of the liver and gall bladder.
• Radishes are treated with acute respiratory viral infections and colds, as well as arthritis, sciatica, and minor stones are removed from the liver and kidneys. When rubbed, it helps to reduce pain.
• It can also be used in the nutrition of people suffering from cardiovascular diseases.

The use of Margelan radish has a number of contraindications. It can not be used:

• pregnant women (the tone of the uterus increases sharply, which can lead to a miscarriage);
• lactating women (unpleasant smack of milk, colic in a baby);
• suffering from gastrointestinal diseases: gastritis, pancreatitis, stomach or duodenal ulcer, enteritis;
• with pathologies of the kidneys and cardiovascular system.

Varieties and types: description and photo

In our country, Margelan radish was registered as a sowing crop in 2007, when the first variety trials were conducted. The following is a description and photo of varieties of Chinese radish Lobo - Barynya, Green Goddess and others.

Lady:

Green Goddess:

Elephant Fang:

Raspberry ball:

Northerner:

Ruby surprise:

Landing

Radish can be sown in open ground in spring and summer. Varieties for summer use are sown in late April and early May, for autumn and winter - in June.

1. During the preparation of ridges for growing lobo for deep digging per 1 sq. m contribute:
   • 4-5 kg ​​of humus or compost;
   • 30-35 g of potassium sulfate and ammonium nitrate;
   • 60-40 g of simple superphosphate.
2. On the formed ridge, grooves are made at a distance of 30-35 cm and shed with water.
3. Seeds are laid out at a distance of 14-15 cm from each other.
4. 2-3 seeds are placed in each nest to a depth of 1.5-2 cm.
5. Then the furrows are mulched with humus.

Some sources in the Northwest zone do not recommend sowing radish forehead in early spring, it is preferable to limit only to summer. During this period, the duration of daylight is increased, plants suffer from flare.

How to grow Chinese root crop lobo?

The following is about growing in open ground and caring for Chinese radish forehead.

1. The first thinning is performed when the plants open 1-2 real leaves. Leave the strongest plant at a distance of 15 cm. After thinning, the radish needs to be fed. In the first top dressing, a solution of mullein is added in a ratio of 1:10, pouring a bucket of the mixture into 12-15 linear meters of the ridge.
2. After 10-12 days, a second thinning is carried out. After it, mineral fertilizers are used as top dressing: 15-20 g of urea, 50 g of simple superphosphate, 10-15 g of potassium chloride per 10 l of water. Consumption for 12-15 meters of beds.

Radish needs regular weeding and loosening of row-spacings. To prevent diseases, all yellowed leaves that have fallen to the ground are removed. In the case of severe shading of root crops with leaves, part of the tops are removed.

To preserve the tenderness of the root, radish is spudded during cultivation.

The plant needs regular plentiful watering, which is carried out every other day. They try to keep the soil constantly wet, but do not fill it.

Mulching the plot usually helps prevent soil drying and the negative effect of lack of moisture on crop quality.

The lack of timely watering affects the condition of root crops: they get rougher. If the plant is watered abundantly after a prolonged drought, the radish may crack.

Harvesting and storage

Radish for storage is cleaned in dry weather, but without bright sun. The best period is the morning gathering. Later varieties are tried to be removed before the onset of frost.

The tops of the plants are removed by twisting, leaving the petioles 2 cm high. Prepared root vegetables, without scratches and damage, are placed in boxes, interbedded with river sand. To prevent condensation, mustard powder can be poured on top.

The optimum temperature for winter storage is considered to be 0 + 2 ° C at a relative humidity of 80-90%.

Diseases and Pests

Chinese radish is an unpretentious plant, but can also be damaged by pests.

1. At the first stage of cultivation, leaves can damage cruciferous fleas, which can be combated by sprinkling with wood ash.
2. Experienced gardeners are also sprinkled with tobacco dust or treated with infusions of medicinal plants: wormwood, marigold, chamomile. The treatment is repeated after 10-14 days.
3. In large colonies of pests, the chemical preparation Aktara is used. For better adhesion, liquid soap is added to it in a ratio of 1: 1.

To combat slugs and other leaf lovers, Actellic and Confidor preparations.

With a lack of moisture in the soil, radish root crops begin to coarse, and their flesh loses its juiciness.

The introduction of an excessive amount of fertilizers is fraught with the formation of voids and cracking in the pulp of the root crop.

Many gardeners try to plant new crops on their plots that can surprise their neighbors. Sowing the forehead will help to make a stock for the winter of the vegetable, which will not only be perfectly stored, but also provide an opportunity to cope with colds and other diseases.

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